Koepke, Peter and Michael Hess (1988):
Scattering functions of tropospheric aerosols: the
effects of nonspherical particles, Appl. Opt., 27, 2422-2430.
Abstract:
Scattering functions, i.e., the scattered intensity as a function of angle,
are modeled for tropospheric aerosol types with respect to the effect of
the nonspherical shape of the particles. Scattering functions of nonspherical
particles compared with those of equivalent spheres show differences increasing
with particle size. Thus, for aerosol types with a relatively low amount
of large particles, such as continental and urban aerosols, the effect
due to uncertainty about particle shape can be ignored, compared to effects
due to uncertain particle size and refractive index. In desert aerosol
the nonspherical particles systematically increase side scatter with a
maximum around a scattering angle of 120 degree, while around 160 degree
the difference between scattering functions of spheres and nonspheres is
small. With increasing wavelength the influence of nonspherical particles
decreases.